| Quebec Bulldogs | |
|---|---|
| List of Quebec Bulldogs seasons | |
| Founded | 1878[1] |
| History | Quebec Hockey Club 1878–1888 (independent) |
| Home arena | Quebec Skating Rink 1878-1913 Quebec Arena 1913-1920[2] |
| City | Quebec City, Quebec |
| Colours | Blue and White |
| Stanley Cups | 2 (1912, 1913) |
The Quebec Bulldogs were a men's senior-level ice hockey team officially known as the Quebec Hockey Club,[3] later as the Quebec Athletic Club. Their recorded play goes back as far as the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC) in 1889, although the Quebec Hockey Club is known to have played since 1880. The club continued as an amateur team through various leagues, eventually becoming professional in 1908, and eventually playing in the National Hockey League. The Bulldog name was given by the media and was so popular with the fans a Bulldog mascot was created but was never officially changed until the team moved to Hamilton, Ontario, in 1920 and became the Tigers.
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The Quebec Hockey Club was founded in 1878, after the construction of the Quebec Skating Rink in 1877.[1] Play was by exhibition only, against teams drawn from the club members or visiting teams from Montreal. In 1883, the club played in the Montreal Winter Carnival, and joined the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC) in 1888 and were members until 1898. After the AHAC, Quebec played in the Canadian Amateur Hockey League from 1899 to 1905, and the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association from 1906 to 1909.
The club came close to winning the Stanley Cup on two occasions. In the 1894 season Quebec tied for the AHAC regular season lead with three other clubs. The AHAC drew up plans to hold the playoff solely in Montreal. Quebec declined to play in Montreal without one game in Quebec and the championship was eventually won by the Montreal Hockey Club. In 1904, Quebec won the CAHL outright. In a dispute, the club did not win the Stanley Cup or challenge for it. The Ottawa Hockey Club was the defending champions in 1903–04, but withdrew from the league. Quebec went on to win the CAHL and expected to receive the Stanley Cup as league champions. The trustees of the Cup instead ruled that the Cup went to Ottawa.
In late 1909, Quebec became a founding member of the Canadian Hockey Association (CHA) in 1909. The CHA, however, would only last one month before being absorbed into the much more powerful National Hockey Association (NHA). Rejected by the new league, the Bulldogs sat out the inaugural 1910 season. The following season, 1910–11, the Bulldogs took over the defunct Cobalt Silver Kings franchise, but had a rough initiation, finishing dead last with four wins and 12 losses in a 16-game season. On a positive note, and a sign of things to come, Jack McDonald scored 14 goals and Tommy Dunderdale scored 13.
For 1911–12, the Bulldogs went from worst to first, with Joe Malone having a spectacular season, to win the O'Brien Cup as champions of the NHA and the Stanley Cup. The Dogs' record improved to 10 wins and eight losses while Malone scored 21 goals and Jack McDonald scored 18. In a Stanley Cup challenge, they crushed the Moncton Victorias in two games, 9–3 and 8–0, in the best-of-three playoff.
In their third season (1912–13), Quebec would again finish first overall with a record of 16-4 losses to retain the championship. Joe Malone won the scoring race with an unprecedented 43 goals. His teammate, Tommy Smith, was a close second with 39. In a Stanley Cup challenge after the season the team easily beat the Sydney Millionaires in two games by a combined score of 20-5.
The Victoria Aristocrats of the PCHA next challenged the Bulldogs. The powerhouse Bulldogs expected to bowl over the Aristocrats, but were shocked after splitting the first two games and then losing 6–1 in the decisive third game. Fortunately for Quebec, and unfortunately for Victoria, the Stanley Cup Board of trustees did not recognise the challenge because it should have been played in Quebec. PCHA leader Lester Patrick refused. The Bulldogs were able to keep the Cup.
In December 1913, the Bulldogs moved to the new Quebec Arena.[2] The following seasons would see the Bulldogs drop from the top of the league. They would finish third overall in each of the next three seasons and in the last NHA season (1916–17) went second overall. After their two Stanley Cup wins, though, they would never again challenge for the Cup.
The Bulldogs, along with the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers and Ottawa Senators, soon had their fill of Toronto Blueshirts owner Eddie Livingstone's acrimonious dealings. However, they discovered that the league constitution didn't allow them to simply vote Livingstone out. Instead, the four clubs joined in founding the National Hockey League in 1917, and didn't invite Livingstone to join them. However, Quebec City had been by far the smallest market in the NHA, and was to be the smallest market in the new league. Unable to garner the required funds or merge with a top amateur team, and in part due to strains brought on by World War I and later the 1918 flu pandemic, the Bulldogs decided to suspend operations for the league's inaugural season. To balance out the schedule, the remaining three clubs granted a temporary franchise to the Toronto Arena Company--the direct ancestors of today's Toronto Maple Leafs. The financial picture hadn't improved by 1918, forcing the Bulldogs to sit out the 1918-19 season as well. While the team was suspended, their star player, Joe Malone, played for the Canadiens.
For the 1919–20 season, Mike Quinn revived the Quebec HC and changed the club name to the Quebec Athletic Club [4] upon entry to the NHL. Newspapers at the time now referred to the team as the Quebec Athletics.[5] rather than Bulldogs. Joe Malone rejoined the franchise. Malone would win the scoring championship that year with 39 goals. Despite Malone's scoring and the presence of players like Harry Mummery, Quebec had a dismal season, finishing last, with four wins and twenty losses.
Before the 1920–21 season, the NHL took back the franchise, and sold it to Hamilton owners who moved the team to Hamilton where it became the Tigers. This helped to head off a potential competing league from setting up in Hamilton.[6]
The Tigers would play in the NHL from 1920 to 1925. Due in large part to a players' strike in the 1925 NHL playoffs, the franchise was revoked a second time in the summer of 1925, this time for good. The players were bought out by the expansion New York Americans franchise. However, the NHL does not reckon the Americans as a continuation of the Bulldogs/Tigers franchise. The Americans would play in the NHL from 1925 to 1942.
The last active Bulldogs player in major-league hockey was Dave Ritchie, who retired in 1926. The last active Bulldog player was Eddie Oatman, who played pro hockey until 1939 and played against the CAHL Quebec Beavers in 1929.
Over time, various hockey teams played out of the Colisee, including the minor-pro Quebec Castors and Quebec Aces. Big-league hockey would not return to Quebec City until the Quebec Nordiques were founded in 1972 as part of the new World Hockey Association. They joined the NHL in 1979. However, as with the Bulldogs, they found the going difficult playing in the league's smallest market. They moved to Denver in 1995 as the Colorado Avalanche.
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against
| Season | GP | W | L | T | Pts | GF | GA | Finish | Postseason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1888–89 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | 2 | 3 | lost one AHAC challenge 2–3 to Montreal HC. | |
| 1890 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | 1 | 5 | lost one AHAC challenge 1–5 to Montreal HC. | |
| 1891 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | 0 | 0 | lost one AHAC challenge by default to Montreal HC. | |
| 1892 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | - | 3 | 6 | lost two AHAC challenges to Ottawa HC. | |
| 1893 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 23 | 46 | fourth, AHAC | Did not qualify |
| 1894 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 26 | 27 | 1st place tie, AHAC | Did not participate |
| 1895 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 27 | fifth, AHAC | Did not qualify |
| 1896 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 23 | 23 | third, AHAC | Did not qualify |
| 1897 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 46 | fourth, AHAC | Did not qualify |
| 1898 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 29 | 35 | fourth, AHAC | Did not qualify |
| 1899 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 31 | fifth, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1900 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 33 | 52 | fifth, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1901 | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 43 | fifth, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1902 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 26 | 34 | fourth, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1903 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 30 | 46 | fourth, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1904 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 50 | 37 | first, CAHL | Did not challenge for Stanley Cup |
| 1905 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 78 | 45 | second, CAHL | Did not qualify |
| 1906 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 6 | 57 | 70 | fourth, ECAHA | Did not qualify |
| 1907 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 62 | 88 | fifth, ECAHA | Did not qualify |
| 1907–08 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 81 | 74 | third, ECAHA | Did not qualify |
| 1909 | 12 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 6 | 78 | 106 | third, ECAHA | Did not qualify |
| 1910 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 20 | 22 | n/a | Season incomplete |
| 1910–11 | 16 | 4 | 12 | 0 | 8 | 65 | 97 | fifth, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1911–12 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 0 | 20 | 81 | 79 | first, NHA | Won O'Brien Cup Won Stanley Cup |
| 1912–13 | 20 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 32 | 112 | 75 | first, NHA | Won O'Brien Cup Won Stanley Cup |
| 1913–14 | 20 | 12 | 8 | 0 | 24 | 111 | 73 | third, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1914–15 | 20 | 11 | 9 | 0 | 22 | 85 | 85 | third, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1915–16 | 24 | 10 | 12 | 2 | 22 | 91 | 98 | third, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1916–17 1 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 43 | 80 | sixth, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1916–17 2 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 54 | 46 | second, NHA | Did not qualify |
| 1919–20 1 | 12 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 44 | 81 | fourth, NHL | Did not qualify |
| 1919–20 2 | 12 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 47 | 96 | fourth, NHL | Did not qualify |
| Totals | 311 | 134 | 175 | 3 | 267 | 1422 | 1662 | ||
Note: 1 = first half of season, 2 = second half of season
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